Most linux commands have a --help, -h, -help flag which gives you a run down of options available. i.e. Code (Text): php -h Usage: php [options] [-f] <file> [--] [args...] php [options] -r <code> [--] [args...] php [options] [-B <begin_code>] -R <code> [-E <end_code>] [--] [args...] php [options] [-B <begin_code>] -F <file> [-E <end_code>] [--] [args...] php [options] -S <addr>:<port> [-t docroot] php [options] -- [args...] php [options] -a -a Run as interactive shell -c <path>|<file> Look for php.ini file in this directory -n No php.ini file will be used -d foo[=bar] Define INI entry foo with value 'bar' -e Generate extended information for debugger/profiler -f <file> Parse and execute <file>. -h This help -i PHP information -l Syntax check only (lint) -m Show compiled in modules -r <code> Run PHP <code> without using script tags <?..?> -B <begin_code> Run PHP <begin_code> before processing input lines -R <code> Run PHP <code> for every input line -F <file> Parse and execute <file> for every input line -E <end_code> Run PHP <end_code> after processing all input lines -H Hide any passed arguments from external tools. -S <addr>:<port> Run with built-in web server. -t <docroot> Specify document root <docroot> for built-in web server. -s Output HTML syntax highlighted source. -v Version number -w Output source with stripped comments and whitespace. -z <file> Load Zend extension <file>. args... Arguments passed to script. Use -- args when first argument starts with - or script is read from stdin --ini Show configuration file names --rf <name> Show information about function <name>. --rc <name> Show information about class <name>. --re <name> Show information about extension <name>. --rz <name> Show information about Zend extension <name>. --ri <name> Show configuration for extension <name>. Code (Text): nginx -h nginx version: nginx/1.13.2 Usage: nginx [-?hvVtTq] [-s signal] [-c filename] [-p prefix] [-g directives] Options: -?,-h : this help -v : show version and exit -V : show version and configure options then exit -t : test configuration and exit -T : test configuration, dump it and exit -q : suppress non-error messages during configuration testing -s signal : send signal to a master process: stop, quit, reopen, reload -p prefix : set prefix path (default: /usr/local/nginx/) -c filename : set configuration file (default: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf) -g directives : set global directives out of configuration file Code (Text): wget -h GNU Wget 1.19.1, a non-interactive network retriever. Usage: wget [OPTION]... [URL]... Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. Startup: -V, --version display the version of Wget and exit -h, --help print this help -b, --background go to background after startup -e, --execute=COMMAND execute a `.wgetrc'-style command Logging and input file: -o, --output-file=FILE log messages to FILE -a, --append-output=FILE append messages to FILE -d, --debug print lots of debugging information -q, --quiet quiet (no output) -v, --verbose be verbose (this is the default) -nv, --no-verbose turn off verboseness, without being quiet --report-speed=TYPE output bandwidth as TYPE. TYPE can be bits -i, --input-file=FILE download URLs found in local or external FILE -F, --force-html treat input file as HTML -B, --base=URL resolves HTML input-file links (-i -F) relative to URL --config=FILE specify config file to use --no-config do not read any config file --rejected-log=FILE log reasons for URL rejection to FILE Download: -t, --tries=NUMBER set number of retries to NUMBER (0 unlimits) --retry-connrefused retry even if connection is refused -O, --output-document=FILE write documents to FILE -nc, --no-clobber skip downloads that would download to existing files (overwriting them) -c, --continue resume getting a partially-downloaded file --start-pos=OFFSET start downloading from zero-based position OFFSET --progress=TYPE select progress gauge type --show-progress display the progress bar in any verbosity mode -N, --timestamping don't re-retrieve files unless newer than local --no-if-modified-since don't use conditional if-modified-since get requests in timestamping mode --no-use-server-timestamps don't set the local file's timestamp by the one on the server -S, --server-response print server response --spider don't download anything -T, --timeout=SECONDS set all timeout values to SECONDS --dns-timeout=SECS set the DNS lookup timeout to SECS --connect-timeout=SECS set the connect timeout to SECS --read-timeout=SECS set the read timeout to SECS -w, --wait=SECONDS wait SECONDS between retrievals --waitretry=SECONDS wait 1..SECONDS between retries of a retrieval --random-wait wait from 0.5*WAIT...1.5*WAIT secs between retrievals --no-proxy explicitly turn off proxy -Q, --quota=NUMBER set retrieval quota to NUMBER --bind-address=ADDRESS bind to ADDRESS (hostname or IP) on local host --limit-rate=RATE limit download rate to RATE --no-dns-cache disable caching DNS lookups --restrict-file-names=OS restrict chars in file names to ones OS allows --ignore-case ignore case when matching files/directories -4, --inet4-only connect only to IPv4 addresses -6, --inet6-only connect only to IPv6 addresses --prefer-family=FAMILY connect first to addresses of specified family, one of IPv6, IPv4, or none --user=USER set both ftp and http user to USER --password=PASS set both ftp and http password to PASS --ask-password prompt for passwords --use-askpass=COMMAND specify credential handler for requesting username and password. If no COMMAND is specified the WGET_ASKPASS or the SSH_ASKPASS environment variable is used. --no-iri turn off IRI support --local-encoding=ENC use ENC as the local encoding for IRIs --remote-encoding=ENC use ENC as the default remote encoding --unlink remove file before clobber --no-xattr turn off storage of metadata in extended file attributes Directories: -nd, --no-directories don't create directories -x, --force-directories force creation of directories -nH, --no-host-directories don't create host directories --protocol-directories use protocol name in directories -P, --directory-prefix=PREFIX save files to PREFIX/.. --cut-dirs=NUMBER ignore NUMBER remote directory components HTTP options: --http-user=USER set http user to USER --http-password=PASS set http password to PASS --no-cache disallow server-cached data --default-page=NAME change the default page name (normally this is 'index.html'.) -E, --adjust-extension save HTML/CSS documents with proper extensions --ignore-length ignore 'Content-Length' header field --header=STRING insert STRING among the headers --max-redirect maximum redirections allowed per page --proxy-user=USER set USER as proxy username --proxy-password=PASS set PASS as proxy password --referer=URL include 'Referer: URL' header in HTTP request --save-headers save the HTTP headers to file -U, --user-agent=AGENT identify as AGENT instead of Wget/VERSION --no-http-keep-alive disable HTTP keep-alive (persistent connections) --no-cookies don't use cookies --load-cookies=FILE load cookies from FILE before session --save-cookies=FILE save cookies to FILE after session --keep-session-cookies load and save session (non-permanent) cookies --post-data=STRING use the POST method; send STRING as the data --post-file=FILE use the POST method; send contents of FILE --method=HTTPMethod use method "HTTPMethod" in the request --body-data=STRING send STRING as data. --method MUST be set --body-file=FILE send contents of FILE. --method MUST be set --content-disposition honor the Content-Disposition header when choosing local file names (EXPERIMENTAL) --content-on-error output the received content on server errors --auth-no-challenge send Basic HTTP authentication information without first waiting for the server's challenge HTTPS (SSL/TLS) options: --secure-protocol=PR choose secure protocol, one of auto, SSLv2, SSLv3, TLSv1 and PFS --https-only only follow secure HTTPS links --no-check-certificate don't validate the server's certificate --certificate=FILE client certificate file --certificate-type=TYPE client certificate type, PEM or DER --private-key=FILE private key file --private-key-type=TYPE private key type, PEM or DER --ca-certificate=FILE file with the bundle of CAs --ca-directory=DIR directory where hash list of CAs is stored --crl-file=FILE file with bundle of CRLs --pinnedpubkey=FILE/HASHES Public key (PEM/DER) file, or any number of base64 encoded sha256 hashes preceded by 'sha256//' and separated by ';', to verify peer against --random-file=FILE file with random data for seeding the SSL PRNG --egd-file=FILE file naming the EGD socket with random data HSTS options: --no-hsts disable HSTS --hsts-file path of HSTS database (will override default) FTP options: --ftp-user=USER set ftp user to USER --ftp-password=PASS set ftp password to PASS --no-remove-listing don't remove '.listing' files --no-glob turn off FTP file name globbing --no-passive-ftp disable the "passive" transfer mode --preserve-permissions preserve remote file permissions --retr-symlinks when recursing, get linked-to files (not dir) FTPS options: --ftps-implicit use implicit FTPS (default port is 990) --ftps-resume-ssl resume the SSL/TLS session started in the control connection when opening a data connection --ftps-clear-data-connection cipher the control channel only; all the data will be in plaintext --ftps-fallback-to-ftp fall back to FTP if FTPS is not supported in the target server WARC options: --warc-file=FILENAME save request/response data to a .warc.gz file --warc-header=STRING insert STRING into the warcinfo record --warc-max-size=NUMBER set maximum size of WARC files to NUMBER --warc-cdx write CDX index files --warc-dedup=FILENAME do not store records listed in this CDX file --no-warc-compression do not compress WARC files with GZIP --no-warc-digests do not calculate SHA1 digests --no-warc-keep-log do not store the log file in a WARC record --warc-tempdir=DIRECTORY location for temporary files created by the WARC writer Recursive download: -r, --recursive specify recursive download -l, --level=NUMBER maximum recursion depth (inf or 0 for infinite) --delete-after delete files locally after downloading them -k, --convert-links make links in downloaded HTML or CSS point to local files --convert-file-only convert the file part of the URLs only (usually known as the basename) --backups=N before writing file X, rotate up to N backup files -K, --backup-converted before converting file X, back up as X.orig -m, --mirror shortcut for -N -r -l inf --no-remove-listing -p, --page-requisites get all images, etc. needed to display HTML page --strict-comments turn on strict (SGML) handling of HTML comments Recursive accept/reject: -A, --accept=LIST comma-separated list of accepted extensions -R, --reject=LIST comma-separated list of rejected extensions --accept-regex=REGEX regex matching accepted URLs --reject-regex=REGEX regex matching rejected URLs --regex-type=TYPE regex type (posix|pcre) -D, --domains=LIST comma-separated list of accepted domains --exclude-domains=LIST comma-separated list of rejected domains --follow-ftp follow FTP links from HTML documents --follow-tags=LIST comma-separated list of followed HTML tags --ignore-tags=LIST comma-separated list of ignored HTML tags -H, --span-hosts go to foreign hosts when recursive -L, --relative follow relative links only -I, --include-directories=LIST list of allowed directories --trust-server-names use the name specified by the redirection URL's last component -X, --exclude-directories=LIST list of excluded directories -np, --no-parent don't ascend to the parent directory Mail bug reports and suggestions to <bug-wget@gnu.org> Code (Text): curl --help Usage: curl [options...] <url> --abstract-unix-socket <path> Connect via abstract Unix domain socket --anyauth Pick any authentication method -a, --append Append to target file when uploading --basic Use HTTP Basic Authentication --cacert <CA certificate> CA certificate to verify peer against --capath <dir> CA directory to verify peer against -E, --cert <certificate[:password]> Client certificate file and password --cert-status Verify the status of the server certificate --cert-type <type> Certificate file type (DER/PEM/ENG) --ciphers <list of ciphers> SSL ciphers to use --compressed Request compressed response -K, --config <file> Read config from a file --connect-timeout <seconds> Maximum time allowed for connection --connect-to <HOST1:PORT1:HOST2:PORT2> Connect to host -C, --continue-at <offset> Resumed transfer offset -b, --cookie <data> Send cookies from string/file -c, --cookie-jar <filename> Write cookies to <filename> after operation --create-dirs Create necessary local directory hierarchy --crlf Convert LF to CRLF in upload --crlfile <file> Get a CRL list in PEM format from the given file -d, --data <data> HTTP POST data --data-ascii <data> HTTP POST ASCII data --data-binary <data> HTTP POST binary data --data-raw <data> HTTP POST data, '@' allowed --data-urlencode <data> HTTP POST data url encoded --delegation <LEVEL> GSS-API delegation permission --digest Use HTTP Digest Authentication -q, --disable Disable .curlrc --disable-eprt Inhibit using EPRT or LPRT --disable-epsv Inhibit using EPSV --dns-interface <interface> Interface to use for DNS requests --dns-ipv4-addr <address> IPv4 address to use for DNS requests --dns-ipv6-addr <address> IPv6 address to use for DNS requests --dns-servers <addresses> DNS server addrs to use -D, --dump-header <filename> Write the received headers to <filename> --egd-file <file> EGD socket path for random data --engine <name> Crypto engine to use --expect100-timeout <seconds> How long to wait for 100-continue -f, --fail Fail silently (no output at all) on HTTP errors --fail-early Fail on first transfer error, do not continue --false-start Enable TLS False Start -F, --form <name=content> Specify HTTP multipart POST data --form-string <name=string> Specify HTTP multipart POST data --ftp-account <data> Account data string --ftp-alternative-to-user <command> String to replace USER [name] --ftp-create-dirs Create the remote dirs if not present --ftp-method <method> Control CWD usage --ftp-pasv Use PASV/EPSV instead of PORT -P, --ftp-port <address> Use PORT instead of PASV --ftp-pret Send PRET before PASV --ftp-skip-pasv-ip Skip the IP address for PASV --ftp-ssl-ccc Send CCC after authenticating --ftp-ssl-ccc-mode <active/passive> Set CCC mode --ftp-ssl-control Require SSL/TLS for FTP login, clear for transfer -G, --get Put the post data in the URL and use GET -g, --globoff Disable URL sequences and ranges using {} and [] -I, --head Show document info only -H, --header <header> Pass custom header LINE to server -h, --help This help text --hostpubmd5 <md5> Acceptable MD5 hash of the host public key -0, --http1.0 Use HTTP 1.0 --http1.1 Use HTTP 1.1 --http2 Use HTTP 2 --http2-prior-knowledge Use HTTP 2 without HTTP/1.1 Upgrade --ignore-content-length Ignore the size of the remote resource -i, --include Include protocol headers in the output -k, --insecure Allow insecure server connections when using SSL --interface <name> Use network INTERFACE (or address) -4, --ipv4 Resolve names to IPv4 addresses -6, --ipv6 Resolve names to IPv6 addresses -j, --junk-session-cookies Ignore session cookies read from file --keepalive-time <seconds> Interval time for keepalive probes --key <key> Private key file name --key-type <type> Private key file type (DER/PEM/ENG) --krb <level> Enable Kerberos with security <level> --libcurl <file> Dump libcurl equivalent code of this command line --limit-rate <speed> Limit transfer speed to RATE -l, --list-only List only mode --local-port <num/range> Force use of RANGE for local port numbers -L, --location Follow redirects --location-trusted Like --location, and send auth to other hosts --login-options <options> Server login options --mail-auth <address> Originator address of the original email --mail-from <address> Mail from this address --mail-rcpt <address> Mail from this address -M, --manual Display the full manual --max-filesize <bytes> Maximum file size to download --max-redirs <num> Maximum number of redirects allowed -m, --max-time <time> Maximum time allowed for the transfer --metalink Process given URLs as metalink XML file --negotiate Use HTTP Negotiate (SPNEGO) authentication -n, --netrc Must read .netrc for user name and password --netrc-file <filename> Specify FILE for netrc --netrc-optional Use either .netrc or URL -:, --next Make next URL use its separate set of options --no-alpn Disable the ALPN TLS extension -N, --no-buffer Disable buffering of the output stream --no-keepalive Disable TCP keepalive on the connection --no-npn Disable the NPN TLS extension --no-sessionid Disable SSL session-ID reusing --noproxy <no-proxy-list> List of hosts which do not use proxy --ntlm Use HTTP NTLM authentication --ntlm-wb Use HTTP NTLM authentication with winbind --oauth2-bearer OAuth 2 Bearer Token -o, --output <file> Write to file instead of stdout --pass <phrase> Pass phrase for the private key --path-as-is Do not squash .. sequences in URL path --pinnedpubkey <hashes> FILE/HASHES Public key to verify peer against --post301 Do not switch to GET after following a 301 --post302 Do not switch to GET after following a 302 --post303 Do not switch to GET after following a 303 --preproxy [protocol://]host[:port] Use this proxy first -#, --progress-bar Display transfer progress as a bar --proto <protocols> Enable/disable PROTOCOLS --proto-default <protocol> Use PROTOCOL for any URL missing a scheme --proto-redir <protocols> Enable/disable PROTOCOLS on redirect -x, --proxy [protocol://]host[:port] Use this proxy --proxy-anyauth Pick any proxy authentication method --proxy-basic Use Basic authentication on the proxy --proxy-cacert <file> CA certificate to verify peer against for proxy --proxy-capath <dir> CA directory to verify peer against for proxy --proxy-cert <cert[:passwd]> Set client certificate for proxy --proxy-cert-type <type> Client certificate type for HTTS proxy --proxy-ciphers <list> SSL ciphers to use for proxy --proxy-crlfile <file> Set a CRL list for proxy --proxy-digest Use Digest authentication on the proxy --proxy-header <header> Pass custom header LINE to proxy --proxy-insecure Do HTTPS proxy connections without verifying the proxy --proxy-key <key> Private key for HTTPS proxy --proxy-key-type <type> Private key file type for proxy --proxy-negotiate Use HTTP Negotiate (SPNEGO) authentication on the proxy --proxy-ntlm Use NTLM authentication on the proxy --proxy-pass <phrase> Pass phrase for the private key for HTTPS proxy --proxy-service-name <name> SPNEGO proxy service name --proxy-ssl-allow-beast Allow security flaw for interop for HTTPS proxy --proxy-tlsauthtype <type> TLS authentication type for HTTPS proxy --proxy-tlspassword <string> TLS password for HTTPS proxy --proxy-tlsuser <name> TLS username for HTTPS proxy --proxy-tlsv1 Use TLSv1 for HTTPS proxy -U, --proxy-user <user:password> Proxy user and password --proxy1.0 <host[:port]> Use HTTP/1.0 proxy on given port -p, --proxytunnel Operate through a HTTP proxy tunnel (using CONNECT) --pubkey <key> SSH Public key file name -Q, --quote Send command(s) to server before transfer --random-file <file> File for reading random data from -r, --range <range> Retrieve only the bytes within RANGE --raw Do HTTP "raw"; no transfer decoding -e, --referer <URL> Referrer URL -J, --remote-header-name Use the header-provided filename -O, --remote-name Write output to a file named as the remote file --remote-name-all Use the remote file name for all URLs -R, --remote-time Set the remote file's time on the local output -X, --request <command> Specify request command to use --resolve <host:port:address> Resolve the host+port to this address --retry <num> Retry request if transient problems occur --retry-connrefused Retry on connection refused (use with --retry) --retry-delay <seconds> Wait time between retries --retry-max-time <seconds> Retry only within this period --sasl-ir Enable initial response in SASL authentication --service-name <name> SPNEGO service name -S, --show-error Show error even when -s is used -s, --silent Silent mode --socks4 <host[:port]> SOCKS4 proxy on given host + port --socks4a <host[:port]> SOCKS4a proxy on given host + port --socks5 <host[:port]> SOCKS5 proxy on given host + port --socks5-gssapi-nec Compatibility with NEC SOCKS5 server --socks5-gssapi-service <name> SOCKS5 proxy service name for GSS-API --socks5-hostname <host[:port]> SOCKS5 proxy, pass host name to proxy -Y, --speed-limit <speed> Stop transfers slower than this -y, --speed-time <seconds> Trigger 'speed-limit' abort after this time --ssl Try SSL/TLS --ssl-allow-beast Allow security flaw to improve interop --ssl-no-revoke Disable cert revocation checks (WinSSL) --ssl-reqd Require SSL/TLS -2, --sslv2 Use SSLv2 -3, --sslv3 Use SSLv3 --stderr Where to redirect stderr --suppress-connect-headers Suppress proxy CONNECT response headers --tcp-fastopen Use TCP Fast Open --tcp-nodelay Use the TCP_NODELAY option -t, --telnet-option <opt=val> Set telnet option --tftp-blksize <value> Set TFTP BLKSIZE option --tftp-no-options Do not send any TFTP options -z, --time-cond <time> Transfer based on a time condition --tls-max <VERSION> Use TLSv1.0 or greater --tlsauthtype <type> TLS authentication type --tlspassword TLS password --tlsuser <name> TLS user name -1, --tlsv1 Use TLSv1.0 or greater --tlsv1.0 Use TLSv1.0 --tlsv1.1 Use TLSv1.1 --tlsv1.2 Use TLSv1.2 --tlsv1.3 Use TLSv1.3 --tr-encoding Request compressed transfer encoding --trace <file> Write a debug trace to FILE --trace-ascii <file> Like --trace, but without hex output --trace-time Add time stamps to trace/verbose output --unix-socket <path> Connect through this Unix domain socket -T, --upload-file <file> Transfer local FILE to destination --url <url> URL to work with -B, --use-ascii Use ASCII/text transfer -u, --user <user:password> Server user and password -A, --user-agent <name> Send User-Agent <name> to server -v, --verbose Make the operation more talkative -V, --version Show version number and quit -w, --write-out <format> Use output FORMAT after completion --xattr Store metadata in extended file attributes Code (Text): mysqldump --help mysqldump Ver 10.16 Distrib 10.1.25-MariaDB, for Linux (x86_64) Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Dumping structure and contents of MySQL databases and tables. Usage: mysqldump [OPTIONS] database [tables] OR mysqldump [OPTIONS] --databases [OPTIONS] DB1 [DB2 DB3...] OR mysqldump [OPTIONS] --all-databases [OPTIONS] Default options are read from the following files in the given order: /etc/my.cnf ~/.my.cnf The following groups are read: mysqldump client client-server client-mariadb The following options may be given as the first argument: --print-defaults Print the program argument list and exit. --no-defaults Don't read default options from any option file. --defaults-file=# Only read default options from the given file #. --defaults-extra-file=# Read this file after the global files are read. -A, --all-databases Dump all the databases. This will be same as --databases with all databases selected. -Y, --all-tablespaces Dump all the tablespaces. -y, --no-tablespaces Do not dump any tablespace information. --add-drop-database Add a DROP DATABASE before each create. --add-drop-table Add a DROP TABLE before each create. (Defaults to on; use --skip-add-drop-table to disable.) --add-locks Add locks around INSERT statements. (Defaults to on; use --skip-add-locks to disable.) --allow-keywords Allow creation of column names that are keywords. --apply-slave-statements Adds 'STOP SLAVE' prior to 'CHANGE MASTER' and 'START SLAVE' to bottom of dump. --character-sets-dir=name Directory for character set files. -i, --comments Write additional information. (Defaults to on; use --skip-comments to disable.) --compatible=name Change the dump to be compatible with a given mode. By default tables are dumped in a format optimized for MySQL. Legal modes are: ansi, mysql323, mysql40, postgresql, oracle, mssql, db2, maxdb, no_key_options, no_table_options, no_field_options. One can use several modes separated by commas. Note: Requires MySQL server version 4.1.0 or higher. This option is ignored with earlier server versions. --compact Give less verbose output (useful for debugging). Disables structure comments and header/footer constructs. Enables options --skip-add-drop-table --skip-add-locks --skip-comments --skip-disable-keys --skip-set-charset. -c, --complete-insert Use complete insert statements. -C, --compress Use compression in server/client protocol. -a, --create-options Include all MySQL specific create options. (Defaults to on; use --skip-create-options to disable.) -B, --databases Dump several databases. Note the difference in usage; in this case no tables are given. All name arguments are regarded as database names. 'USE db_name;' will be included in the output. -#, --debug[=#] This is a non-debug version. Catch this and exit. --debug-check Check memory and open file usage at exit. --debug-info Print some debug info at exit. --default-character-set=name Set the default character set. --delayed-insert Insert rows with INSERT DELAYED. --delete-master-logs Delete logs on master after backup. This automatically enables --master-data. -K, --disable-keys '/*!40000 ALTER TABLE tb_name DISABLE KEYS */; and '/*!40000 ALTER TABLE tb_name ENABLE KEYS */; will be put in the output. (Defaults to on; use --skip-disable-keys to disable.) --dump-slave[=#] This causes the binary log position and filename of the master to be appended to the dumped data output. Setting the value to 1, will printit as a CHANGE MASTER command in the dumped data output; if equal to 2, that command will be prefixed with a comment symbol. This option will turn --lock-all-tables on, unless --single-transaction is specified too (in which case a global read lock is only taken a short time at the beginning of the dump - don't forget to read about --single-transaction below). In all cases any action on logs will happen at the exact moment of the dump.Option automatically turns --lock-tables off. -E, --events Dump events. -e, --extended-insert Use multiple-row INSERT syntax that include several VALUES lists. (Defaults to on; use --skip-extended-insert to disable.) --fields-terminated-by=name Fields in the output file are terminated by the given string. --fields-enclosed-by=name Fields in the output file are enclosed by the given character. --fields-optionally-enclosed-by=name Fields in the output file are optionally enclosed by the given character. --fields-escaped-by=name Fields in the output file are escaped by the given character. -F, --flush-logs Flush logs file in server before starting dump. Note that if you dump many databases at once (using the option --databases= or --all-databases), the logs will be flushed for each database dumped. The exception is when using --lock-all-tables or --master-data: in this case the logs will be flushed only once, corresponding to the moment all tables are locked. So if you want your dump and the log flush to happen at the same exact moment you should use --lock-all-tables or --master-data with --flush-logs. --flush-privileges Emit a FLUSH PRIVILEGES statement after dumping the mysql database. This option should be used any time the dump contains the mysql database and any other database that depends on the data in the mysql database for proper restore. -f, --force Continue even if we get an SQL error. --gtid Used together with --master-data=1 or --dump-slave=1.When enabled, the output from those options will set the GTID position instead of the binlog file and offset; the file/offset will appear only as a comment. When disabled, the GTID position will still appear in the output, but only commented. -?, --help Display this help message and exit. --hex-blob Dump binary strings (BINARY, VARBINARY, BLOB) in hexadecimal format. -h, --host=name Connect to host. --ignore-table=name Do not dump the specified table. To specify more than one table to ignore, use the directive multiple times, once for each table. Each table must be specified with both database and table names, e.g., --ignore-table=database.table. --include-master-host-port Adds 'MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>' to 'CHANGE MASTER TO..' in dump produced with --dump-slave. --insert-ignore Insert rows with INSERT IGNORE. --lines-terminated-by=name Lines in the output file are terminated by the given string. -x, --lock-all-tables Locks all tables across all databases. This is achieved by taking a global read lock for the duration of the whole dump. Automatically turns --single-transaction and --lock-tables off. -l, --lock-tables Lock all tables for read. (Defaults to on; use --skip-lock-tables to disable.) --log-error=name Append warnings and errors to given file. --log-queries When restoring the dump, the server will, if logging turned on, log the queries to the general and slow query log. (Defaults to on; use --skip-log-queries to disable.) --master-data[=#] This causes the binary log position and filename to be appended to the output. If equal to 1, will print it as a CHANGE MASTER command; if equal to 2, that command will be prefixed with a comment symbol. This option will turn --lock-all-tables on, unless --single-transaction is specified too (on servers before MariaDB 5.3 this will still take a global read lock for a short time at the beginning of the dump; don't forget to read about --single-transaction below). In all cases, any action on logs will happen at the exact moment of the dump. Option automatically turns --lock-tables off. --max-allowed-packet=# The maximum packet length to send to or receive from server. --net-buffer-length=# The buffer size for TCP/IP and socket communication. --no-autocommit Wrap tables with autocommit/commit statements. -n, --no-create-db Suppress the CREATE DATABASE ... IF EXISTS statement that normally is output for each dumped database if --all-databases or --databases is given. -t, --no-create-info Don't write table creation info. -d, --no-data No row information. --no-data-med No row information for engines that Manage External Data (MRG_MyISAM, MRG_ISAM, CONNECT, OQGRAPH, SPIDER, VP, FEDERATED). (Defaults to on; use --skip-no-data-med to disable.) -N, --no-set-names Same as --skip-set-charset. --opt Same as --add-drop-table, --add-locks, --create-options, --quick, --extended-insert, --lock-tables, --set-charset, and --disable-keys. Enabled by default, disable with --skip-opt. --order-by-primary Sorts each table's rows by primary key, or first unique key, if such a key exists. Useful when dumping a MyISAM table to be loaded into an InnoDB table, but will make the dump itself take considerably longer. -p, --password[=name] Password to use when connecting to server. If password is not given it's solicited on the tty. -P, --port=# Port number to use for connection. --protocol=name The protocol to use for connection (tcp, socket, pipe, memory). -q, --quick Don't buffer query, dump directly to stdout. (Defaults to on; use --skip-quick to disable.) -Q, --quote-names Quote table and column names with backticks (`). (Defaults to on; use --skip-quote-names to disable.) --replace Use REPLACE INTO instead of INSERT INTO. -r, --result-file=name Direct output to a given file. This option should be used in systems (e.g., DOS, Windows) that use carriage-return linefeed pairs (\r\n) to separate text lines. This option ensures that only a single newline is used. -R, --routines Dump stored routines (functions and procedures). --set-charset Add 'SET NAMES default_character_set' to the output. (Defaults to on; use --skip-set-charset to disable.) --single-transaction Creates a consistent snapshot by dumping all tables in a single transaction. Works ONLY for tables stored in storage engines which support multiversioning (currently only InnoDB does); the dump is NOT guaranteed to be consistent for other storage engines. While a --single-transaction dump is in process, to ensure a valid dump file (correct table contents and binary log position), no other connection should use the following statements: ALTER TABLE, DROP TABLE, RENAME TABLE, TRUNCATE TABLE, as consistent snapshot is not isolated from them. Option automatically turns off --lock-tables. --dump-date Put a dump date to the end of the output. (Defaults to on; use --skip-dump-date to disable.) --skip-opt Disable --opt. Disables --add-drop-table, --add-locks, --create-options, --quick, --extended-insert, --lock-tables, --set-charset, and --disable-keys. -S, --socket=name The socket file to use for connection. --ssl Enable SSL for connection (automatically enabled with other flags). --ssl-ca=name CA file in PEM format (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl). --ssl-capath=name CA directory (check OpenSSL docs, implies --ssl). --ssl-cert=name X509 cert in PEM format (implies --ssl). --ssl-cipher=name SSL cipher to use (implies --ssl). --ssl-key=name X509 key in PEM format (implies --ssl). --ssl-crl=name Certificate revocation list (implies --ssl). --ssl-crlpath=name Certificate revocation list path (implies --ssl). --ssl-verify-server-cert Verify server's "Common Name" in its cert against hostname used when connecting. This option is disabled by default. -T, --tab=name Create tab-separated textfile for each table to given path. (Create .sql and .txt files.) NOTE: This only works if mysqldump is run on the same machine as the mysqld server. --tables Overrides option --databases (-B). --triggers Dump triggers for each dumped table. (Defaults to on; use --skip-triggers to disable.) --tz-utc SET TIME_ZONE='+00:00' at top of dump to allow dumping of TIMESTAMP data when a server has data in different time zones or data is being moved between servers with different time zones. (Defaults to on; use --skip-tz-utc to disable.) -u, --user=name User for login if not current user. -v, --verbose Print info about the various stages. -V, --version Output version information and exit. -w, --where=name Dump only selected records. Quotes are mandatory. -X, --xml Dump a database as well formed XML. --plugin-dir=name Directory for client-side plugins. --default-auth=name Default authentication client-side plugin to use. Variables (--variable-name=value) and boolean options {FALSE|TRUE} Value (after reading options) --------------------------------- ---------------------------------------- all-databases FALSE all-tablespaces FALSE no-tablespaces FALSE add-drop-database FALSE add-drop-table TRUE add-locks TRUE allow-keywords FALSE apply-slave-statements FALSE character-sets-dir (No default value) comments TRUE compatible (No default value) compact FALSE complete-insert FALSE compress FALSE create-options TRUE databases FALSE debug-check FALSE debug-info FALSE default-character-set utf8 delayed-insert FALSE delete-master-logs FALSE disable-keys TRUE dump-slave 0 events FALSE extended-insert TRUE fields-terminated-by (No default value) fields-enclosed-by (No default value) fields-optionally-enclosed-by (No default value) fields-escaped-by (No default value) flush-logs FALSE flush-privileges FALSE force FALSE gtid FALSE hex-blob FALSE host (No default value) include-master-host-port FALSE insert-ignore FALSE lines-terminated-by (No default value) lock-all-tables FALSE lock-tables TRUE log-error (No default value) log-queries TRUE master-data 0 max-allowed-packet 134217728 net-buffer-length 1046528 no-autocommit FALSE no-create-db FALSE no-create-info FALSE no-data FALSE no-data-med TRUE order-by-primary FALSE port 0 quick TRUE quote-names TRUE replace FALSE routines FALSE set-charset TRUE single-transaction FALSE dump-date TRUE socket /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock ssl FALSE ssl-ca (No default value) ssl-capath (No default value) ssl-cert (No default value) ssl-cipher (No default value) ssl-key (No default value) ssl-crl (No default value) ssl-crlpath (No default value) ssl-verify-server-cert FALSE tab (No default value) triggers TRUE tz-utc TRUE user root verbose FALSE where (No default value) plugin-dir (No default value) default-auth (No default value)
Code (Text): ls --help Usage: ls [OPTION]... [FILE]... List information about the FILEs (the current directory by default). Sort entries alphabetically if none of -cftuvSUX nor --sort is specified. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -a, --all do not ignore entries starting with . -A, --almost-all do not list implied . and .. --author with -l, print the author of each file -b, --escape print C-style escapes for nongraphic characters --block-size=SIZE scale sizes by SIZE before printing them; e.g., '--block-size=M' prints sizes in units of 1,048,576 bytes; see SIZE format below -B, --ignore-backups do not list implied entries ending with ~ -c with -lt: sort by, and show, ctime (time of last modification of file status information); with -l: show ctime and sort by name; otherwise: sort by ctime, newest first -C list entries by columns --color[=WHEN] colorize the output; WHEN can be 'never', 'auto', or 'always' (the default); more info below -d, --directory list directories themselves, not their contents -D, --dired generate output designed for Emacs' dired mode -f do not sort, enable -aU, disable -ls --color -F, --classify append indicator (one of */=>@|) to entries --file-type likewise, except do not append '*' --format=WORD across -x, commas -m, horizontal -x, long -l, single-column -1, verbose -l, vertical -C --full-time like -l --time-style=full-iso -g like -l, but do not list owner --group-directories-first group directories before files; can be augmented with a --sort option, but any use of --sort=none (-U) disables grouping -G, --no-group in a long listing, don't print group names -h, --human-readable with -l, print sizes in human readable format (e.g., 1K 234M 2G) --si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024 -H, --dereference-command-line follow symbolic links listed on the command line --dereference-command-line-symlink-to-dir follow each command line symbolic link that points to a directory --hide=PATTERN do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN (overridden by -a or -A) --indicator-style=WORD append indicator with style WORD to entry names: none (default), slash (-p), file-type (--file-type), classify (-F) -i, --inode print the index number of each file -I, --ignore=PATTERN do not list implied entries matching shell PATTERN -k, --kibibytes default to 1024-byte blocks for disk usage -l use a long listing format -L, --dereference when showing file information for a symbolic link, show information for the file the link references rather than for the link itself -m fill width with a comma separated list of entries -n, --numeric-uid-gid like -l, but list numeric user and group IDs -N, --literal print raw entry names (don't treat e.g. control characters specially) -o like -l, but do not list group information -p, --indicator-style=slash append / indicator to directories -q, --hide-control-chars print ? instead of nongraphic characters --show-control-chars show nongraphic characters as-is (the default, unless program is 'ls' and output is a terminal) -Q, --quote-name enclose entry names in double quotes --quoting-style=WORD use quoting style WORD for entry names: literal, locale, shell, shell-always, c, escape -r, --reverse reverse order while sorting -R, --recursive list subdirectories recursively -s, --size print the allocated size of each file, in blocks -S sort by file size --sort=WORD sort by WORD instead of name: none (-U), size (-S), time (-t), version (-v), extension (-X) --time=WORD with -l, show time as WORD instead of default modification time: atime or access or use (-u) ctime or status (-c); also use specified time as sort key if --sort=time --time-style=STYLE with -l, show times using style STYLE: full-iso, long-iso, iso, locale, or +FORMAT; FORMAT is interpreted like in 'date'; if FORMAT is FORMAT1<newline>FORMAT2, then FORMAT1 applies to non-recent files and FORMAT2 to recent files; if STYLE is prefixed with 'posix-', STYLE takes effect only outside the POSIX locale -t sort by modification time, newest first -T, --tabsize=COLS assume tab stops at each COLS instead of 8 -u with -lt: sort by, and show, access time; with -l: show access time and sort by name; otherwise: sort by access time -U do not sort; list entries in directory order -v natural sort of (version) numbers within text -w, --width=COLS assume screen width instead of current value -x list entries by lines instead of by columns -X sort alphabetically by entry extension -1 list one file per line SELinux options: --lcontext Display security context. Enable -l. Lines will probably be too wide for most displays. -Z, --context Display security context so it fits on most displays. Displays only mode, user, group, security context and file name. --scontext Display only security context and file name. --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit SIZE is an integer and optional unit (example: 10M is 10*1024*1024). Units are K, M, G, T, P, E, Z, Y (powers of 1024) or KB, MB, ... (powers of 1000). Using color to distinguish file types is disabled both by default and with --color=never. With --color=auto, ls emits color codes only when standard output is connected to a terminal. The LS_COLORS environment variable can change the settings. Use the dircolors command to set it. Exit status: 0 if OK, 1 if minor problems (e.g., cannot access subdirectory), 2 if serious trouble (e.g., cannot access command-line argument). GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> For complete documentation, run: info coreutils 'ls invocation' Code (Text): cp --help Usage: cp [OPTION]... [-T] SOURCE DEST or: cp [OPTION]... SOURCE... DIRECTORY or: cp [OPTION]... -t DIRECTORY SOURCE... Copy SOURCE to DEST, or multiple SOURCE(s) to DIRECTORY. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. -a, --archive same as -dR --preserve=all --attributes-only don't copy the file data, just the attributes --backup[=CONTROL] make a backup of each existing destination file -b like --backup but does not accept an argument --copy-contents copy contents of special files when recursive -d same as --no-dereference --preserve=links -f, --force if an existing destination file cannot be opened, remove it and try again (this option is ignored when the -n option is also used) -i, --interactive prompt before overwrite (overrides a previous -n option) -H follow command-line symbolic links in SOURCE -l, --link hard link files instead of copying -L, --dereference always follow symbolic links in SOURCE -n, --no-clobber do not overwrite an existing file (overrides a previous -i option) -P, --no-dereference never follow symbolic links in SOURCE -p same as --preserve=mode,ownership,timestamps --preserve[=ATTR_LIST] preserve the specified attributes (default: mode,ownership,timestamps), if possible additional attributes: context, links, xattr, all -c deprecated, same as --preserve=context --no-preserve=ATTR_LIST don't preserve the specified attributes --parents use full source file name under DIRECTORY -R, -r, --recursive copy directories recursively --reflink[=WHEN] control clone/CoW copies. See below --remove-destination remove each existing destination file before attempting to open it (contrast with --force) --sparse=WHEN control creation of sparse files. See below --strip-trailing-slashes remove any trailing slashes from each SOURCE argument -s, --symbolic-link make symbolic links instead of copying -S, --suffix=SUFFIX override the usual backup suffix -t, --target-directory=DIRECTORY copy all SOURCE arguments into DIRECTORY -T, --no-target-directory treat DEST as a normal file -u, --update copy only when the SOURCE file is newer than the destination file or when the destination file is missing -v, --verbose explain what is being done -x, --one-file-system stay on this file system -Z set SELinux security context of destination file to default type --context[=CTX] like -Z, or if CTX is specified then set the SELinux or SMACK security context to CTX --help display this help and exit --version output version information and exit By default, sparse SOURCE files are detected by a crude heuristic and the corresponding DEST file is made sparse as well. That is the behavior selected by --sparse=auto. Specify --sparse=always to create a sparse DEST file whenever the SOURCE file contains a long enough sequence of zero bytes. Use --sparse=never to inhibit creation of sparse files. When --reflink[=always] is specified, perform a lightweight copy, where the data blocks are copied only when modified. If this is not possible the copy fails, or if --reflink=auto is specified, fall back to a standard copy. The backup suffix is '~', unless set with --suffix or SIMPLE_BACKUP_SUFFIX. The version control method may be selected via the --backup option or through the VERSION_CONTROL environment variable. Here are the values: none, off never make backups (even if --backup is given) numbered, t make numbered backups existing, nil numbered if numbered backups exist, simple otherwise simple, never always make simple backups As a special case, cp makes a backup of SOURCE when the force and backup options are given and SOURCE and DEST are the same name for an existing, regular file. GNU coreutils online help: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/> For complete documentation, run: info coreutils 'cp invocation'
rsync Code (Text): rsync -h rsync version 3.0.9 protocol version 30 Copyright (C) 1996-2011 by Andrew Tridgell, Wayne Davison, and others. Web site: http://rsync.samba.org/ Capabilities: 64-bit files, 64-bit inums, 64-bit timestamps, 64-bit long ints, socketpairs, hardlinks, symlinks, IPv6, batchfiles, inplace, append, ACLs, xattrs, iconv, symtimes rsync comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions. See the GNU General Public Licence for details. rsync is a file transfer program capable of efficient remote update via a fast differencing algorithm. Usage: rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... DEST or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... [USER@]HOST:DEST or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... [USER@]HOST::DEST or rsync [OPTION]... SRC [SRC]... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/DEST or rsync [OPTION]... [USER@]HOST:SRC [DEST] or rsync [OPTION]... [USER@]HOST::SRC [DEST] or rsync [OPTION]... rsync://[USER@]HOST[:PORT]/SRC [DEST] The ':' usages connect via remote shell, while '::' & 'rsync://' usages connect to an rsync daemon, and require SRC or DEST to start with a module name. Options -v, --verbose increase verbosity -q, --quiet suppress non-error messages --no-motd suppress daemon-mode MOTD (see manpage caveat) -c, --checksum skip based on checksum, not mod-time & size -a, --archive archive mode; equals -rlptgoD (no -H,-A,-X) --no-OPTION turn off an implied OPTION (e.g. --no-D) -r, --recursive recurse into directories -R, --relative use relative path names --no-implied-dirs don't send implied dirs with --relative -b, --backup make backups (see --suffix & --backup-dir) --backup-dir=DIR make backups into hierarchy based in DIR --suffix=SUFFIX set backup suffix (default ~ w/o --backup-dir) -u, --update skip files that are newer on the receiver --inplace update destination files in-place (SEE MAN PAGE) --append append data onto shorter files --append-verify like --append, but with old data in file checksum -d, --dirs transfer directories without recursing -l, --links copy symlinks as symlinks -L, --copy-links transform symlink into referent file/dir --copy-unsafe-links only "unsafe" symlinks are transformed --safe-links ignore symlinks that point outside the source tree -k, --copy-dirlinks transform symlink to a dir into referent dir -K, --keep-dirlinks treat symlinked dir on receiver as dir -H, --hard-links preserve hard links -p, --perms preserve permissions -E, --executability preserve the file's executability --chmod=CHMOD affect file and/or directory permissions -A, --acls preserve ACLs (implies --perms) -X, --xattrs preserve extended attributes -o, --owner preserve owner (super-user only) -g, --group preserve group --devices preserve device files (super-user only) --copy-devices copy device contents as regular file --specials preserve special files -D same as --devices --specials -t, --times preserve modification times -O, --omit-dir-times omit directories from --times --super receiver attempts super-user activities --fake-super store/recover privileged attrs using xattrs -S, --sparse handle sparse files efficiently -n, --dry-run perform a trial run with no changes made -W, --whole-file copy files whole (without delta-xfer algorithm) -x, --one-file-system don't cross filesystem boundaries -B, --block-size=SIZE force a fixed checksum block-size -e, --rsh=COMMAND specify the remote shell to use --rsync-path=PROGRAM specify the rsync to run on the remote machine --existing skip creating new files on receiver --ignore-existing skip updating files that already exist on receiver --remove-source-files sender removes synchronized files (non-dirs) --del an alias for --delete-during --delete delete extraneous files from destination dirs --delete-before receiver deletes before transfer, not during --delete-during receiver deletes during the transfer --delete-delay find deletions during, delete after --delete-after receiver deletes after transfer, not during --delete-excluded also delete excluded files from destination dirs --ignore-errors delete even if there are I/O errors --force force deletion of directories even if not empty --max-delete=NUM don't delete more than NUM files --max-size=SIZE don't transfer any file larger than SIZE --min-size=SIZE don't transfer any file smaller than SIZE --partial keep partially transferred files --partial-dir=DIR put a partially transferred file into DIR --delay-updates put all updated files into place at transfer's end -m, --prune-empty-dirs prune empty directory chains from the file-list --numeric-ids don't map uid/gid values by user/group name --timeout=SECONDS set I/O timeout in seconds --contimeout=SECONDS set daemon connection timeout in seconds -I, --ignore-times don't skip files that match in size and mod-time --size-only skip files that match in size --modify-window=NUM compare mod-times with reduced accuracy -T, --temp-dir=DIR create temporary files in directory DIR -y, --fuzzy find similar file for basis if no dest file --compare-dest=DIR also compare destination files relative to DIR --copy-dest=DIR ... and include copies of unchanged files --link-dest=DIR hardlink to files in DIR when unchanged -z, --compress compress file data during the transfer --compress-level=NUM explicitly set compression level --skip-compress=LIST skip compressing files with a suffix in LIST -C, --cvs-exclude auto-ignore files the same way CVS does -f, --filter=RULE add a file-filtering RULE -F same as --filter='dir-merge /.rsync-filter' repeated: --filter='- .rsync-filter' --exclude=PATTERN exclude files matching PATTERN --exclude-from=FILE read exclude patterns from FILE --include=PATTERN don't exclude files matching PATTERN --include-from=FILE read include patterns from FILE --files-from=FILE read list of source-file names from FILE -0, --from0 all *-from/filter files are delimited by 0s -s, --protect-args no space-splitting; only wildcard special-chars --address=ADDRESS bind address for outgoing socket to daemon --port=PORT specify double-colon alternate port number --sockopts=OPTIONS specify custom TCP options --blocking-io use blocking I/O for the remote shell --stats give some file-transfer stats -8, --8-bit-output leave high-bit chars unescaped in output -h, --human-readable output numbers in a human-readable format --progress show progress during transfer -P same as --partial --progress -i, --itemize-changes output a change-summary for all updates --out-format=FORMAT output updates using the specified FORMAT --log-file=FILE log what we're doing to the specified FILE --log-file-format=FMT log updates using the specified FMT --password-file=FILE read daemon-access password from FILE --list-only list the files instead of copying them --bwlimit=KBPS limit I/O bandwidth; KBytes per second --write-batch=FILE write a batched update to FILE --only-write-batch=FILE like --write-batch but w/o updating destination --read-batch=FILE read a batched update from FILE --protocol=NUM force an older protocol version to be used --iconv=CONVERT_SPEC request charset conversion of filenames --checksum-seed=NUM set block/file checksum seed (advanced) -4, --ipv4 prefer IPv4 -6, --ipv6 prefer IPv6 --version print version number (-h) --help show this help (-h is --help only if used alone) Use "rsync --daemon --help" to see the daemon-mode command-line options. Please see the rsync(1) and rsyncd.conf(5) man pages for full documentation. See http://rsync.samba.org/ for updates, bug reports, and answers