Sysadmin Partitions - how should be created?

Centmin Mod 123.09beta01 installer will detect if there is no swap file and create one depending on the size of memory available/disk available. Or you can create one yourself. You should always have a swap file just in case you do run out of memory for whatever reason, I usually have a swap file same size as memory installed up to 4-8GB if disk space is available.

 

swap file is a bit more flexible to change the size while partitions wouldn't be if you want to change sizes. If you are sure on your swap disk space usage requirements, then partition/bootable would fine. Though it wouldn't matter much if you adequately and accurately choose the right amount of memory installed on server so you never need to hit swap disk space.

 

For most VPS wouldn't matter much as to whether LVM is used as you don't get to customise what you're given to that degree and well would you know how to manage LVM partitions https://www.howtogeek.com/howto/40702/how-to-manage-and-use-lvm-logical-volume-management-in-ubuntu/ ? For dedicated servers maybe a different matter.

If you want a bit more control over VPS partitioning then Linode.com VPS servers would when you reload the VPS and customise your disk partitioning. See Disks and Configuration Profiles

 

Then it might not be swap but network connection to nginx download server

But yes for resizing swap similar to Vultr - is swap file important?. IF you do not have existing swap file. But if you already have swap file some steps can be skipped and you need to disable swap first.

Check if you have enough disk free space at / partition first otherwise 4GB swap file might not be advisable - here there's 40GB disk free space available at / so 4GB swap file will reduce / disk free space to 40-4=36GB

Code (Text):

df -hT
Filesystem     Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs       devtmpfs  1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev
tmpfs          tmpfs     1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /dev/shm
tmpfs          tmpfs     1.9G  193M  1.7G  11% /run
tmpfs          tmpfs     1.9G     0  1.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/vda1      ext4       60G   17G   40G  30% /
/dev/loop0     ext4      5.8G   25M  5.5G   1% /tmp
tmpfs          tmpfs     379M     0  379M   0% /run/user/0

Resize existing swap created by Centmin Mod LEMP stack

Code (Text):

# disable swap
swapoff /swapfile
dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapfile bs=1024 count=4096k
ls -lah /swapfile
mkswap /swapfile
swapon /swapfile
chown root:root /swapfile
chmod 0600 /swapfile
swapon -s
# skip /etc/fstab setup as already exists
#echo "/swapfile          swap            swap    defaults        0 0" >> /etc/fstab
mount -a
free -mlt

check if /swapfile exists in /etc/fstab

Code (Text):

grep swapfile /etc/fstab

if already exists grep will return output if not exist will return to prompt empty

Code (Text):

grep swapfile /etc/fstab
/swapfile swap swap defaults 0 0

Code (Text):

free -mlt
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:           3789        1003         166         192        2619        2318
Low:           3789        3623         166
High:             0           0           0
Swap:          4095           0        4095
Total:         7885        1003        4262